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Comparative Effectiveness of MD Bivalent Vaccines Using in Iranian Poultry Industry
Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi,
Rima Morshed,
Mohammad Zahed Abbasi,
Hossein Hosseini
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
30-34
Received:
14 March 2022
Accepted:
13 April 2022
Published:
22 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220602.11
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Abstract: Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative viral disease of chickens, controlled through vaccination since 1969. MD vaccines can protect chickens against tumor development. However, due to various factors, MD outbreaks have occurred in the Iranian vaccinated layer flocks recently. MD vaccines are different in replication ability and providing immunity. This study aimed to investigate the replication ability and compare the vaccine-take of MD Vaccines from two companies (A and B). One hundred eighty layer chickens were divided into six groups of 30 birds. All groups received the (Rispens CVI988 +HVT) vaccine in the hatchery except the control group. The groups included Company A (SC, one dose), Company A (IM, one dose), Company B (SC, one dose), Company B (IM, one dose), and Company B (SC, 1.5 doses). Feather follicles were collected individually from chicks on days 7, 14, and 21 after vaccination. After DNA extraction, specific real-time PCR for detecting Rispense and HVT strains has been run on the samples. Only 70% of the chicks in the groups vaccinated by vaccine from Company B (IM & SC, one dose & 1.5 doses) were positive for Rispens strain in the first sampling, whereas 90% of chicks vaccinated by vaccine from Company A (IM & SC) were positive on day 7. At 21 days' post-vaccination, just the chicks vaccinated by SC route from company B could not provide 100% take, and the positive rate was 90%. In the HVT strain evaluation, although the positive rate in the first week after vaccination was quite low, between 10-30%, all groups showed an acceptable positive rate (90-100%) 21 days' post-vaccination. This finding supports the vaccine failure due to different vaccines' abilities to produce early immunity in chicks before seven days of age which is crucial to protect them against MDV early exposure.
Abstract: Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative viral disease of chickens, controlled through vaccination since 1969. MD vaccines can protect chickens against tumor development. However, due to various factors, MD outbreaks have occurred in the Iranian vaccinated layer flocks recently. MD vaccines are different in replication ability and providing im...
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Feed Restriction and Compensatory Growth of Giant African Snails of the Species Archachatina marginata (Swainson, 1821)
Youssouf Toukourou,
Chadrac Tsrigbidzi,
Edouard Gbadéchola Ogbolo,
Elodie Dimon
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
35-41
Received:
14 February 2022
Accepted:
2 March 2022
Published:
28 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220602.12
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Abstract: Giant African snails of the species Archachatina marginata were subjected to a feed restriction for 70 days which preceded a re-feeding phase also of 70 days. The objective was to study in this species the ability to compensate for growth retardation induced by temporary dietary restriction. The study was carried out at the application farm of the Faculty of Agronomy of the University of Parakou between August 15, 2019 and January 22, 2020. In total, 90 snails, weighing on average 52.48 ± 9.03 g with an average shell length of 6.83 ± 3.38 cm, were randomly distributed into three lots of 30 subjects in semi-buried enclosures, made of cinderblock and fine mesh wire mesh. Three rations containing 20.26%, 17.18% and 14.43% crude protein and 2976 kcal; 2540 kcal and 2089 kcal of metabolizable energy per kg of dry matter were distributed ad libitum to lots 1 (control), 2 and 3 respectively. The snails showed at the end of the feed restriction period an average shell length of 8.1 ± 0.54 cm, 8.11 ± 0.43 cm and 8.13 ± 0.5 cm (p > 0, 05) for an average live weight of 79.6 ± 7.3 g, 68.86 ± 11.22 g and 66 ± 10.66 g (p < 0.05) respectively for lots 1, 2 and 3. At the end of the re-feeding phase, the shell length was 8.81 ± 0.51 cm, 8.80 ± 0.25 cm and 8.79 ± 0.46 cm (p > 0.05) for an average live weight of 92.59 ± 3.32 g, 88.5 ± 5.44 and 86.63 ± 7.3 g (p < 0.05), respectively for lots 1, 2 and 3. It emerges from this study that the weight loss observed during a feed restriction could not be fully compensated after a certain period of re-feeding in A. marginata, despite a remarkable increase in weight.
Abstract: Giant African snails of the species Archachatina marginata were subjected to a feed restriction for 70 days which preceded a re-feeding phase also of 70 days. The objective was to study in this species the ability to compensate for growth retardation induced by temporary dietary restriction. The study was carried out at the application farm of the ...
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Record of Deep-Sea Shrimp of Pasiphaea sivado Species Group (Decapoda:Caridea:Pasiphaeidae) in the Western Indian Ocean Collected by R/V Anton Bruun (IIOE Cruise)
Quddusi Bashir Kazmi,
Mohammad Afzal Kazmi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2022
Pages:
42-47
Received:
15 March 2022
Accepted:
3 May 2022
Published:
12 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220602.13
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Abstract: This paper deals with a deep sea pelagic shrimp species of the genus Pasiphaea in Pasiphaea sivado species group which was collected by the vessel Anton Bruun (IIOE cruise) in the northwestern waters of the Indian Ocean from Cruise 4A station 185 20°39'N, 64°41'E, night 3173, dated 30, October 1963. No specimen of Pasiphaea sivado group has been reported from the given coordinates of the Indian Ocean. The present record would seem to be the first record of P. sivado from these coordinates and therefore constitutes new data on the biogeographical distribution of Pasiphaea sivado species group. As already documented that the deep sea is the largest biome on earth and hosts the majority of as yet undescribed or not correctly reported species. This specimen might turn out a new species yet to be discovered. Careful examination of more material collected in the northwestern Indian Ocean could result in the recognition of taxonomically cryptic species, as in the case of the pelagic shrimp Pasiphaea sivado. This specimen is illustrated and its comparative descriptive information, taxonomic comments and horizontal distribution is given. The introduction includes a summary of work done by other scholars on the zooplankton species, based on information obtained from the samples collected by Anton Bruun in the Indian Ocean. A large number of papers relating to synthesis of zooplankton of IIOE in Indian ocean region have appeared since IIOE was originally envisioned, one of the first multi-national ocean research projects.
Abstract: This paper deals with a deep sea pelagic shrimp species of the genus Pasiphaea in Pasiphaea sivado species group which was collected by the vessel Anton Bruun (IIOE cruise) in the northwestern waters of the Indian Ocean from Cruise 4A station 185 20°39'N, 64°41'E, night 3173, dated 30, October 1963. No specimen of Pasiphaea sivado group has been re...
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