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Ingestion and in vivo Digestibility of a Compound Feed Containing Adansonia digitata Seeds in Guinea Pigs
Floriane Diane Ndonkou,
Jules Lemoufouet,
Miegoue Emile,
Mekuiko Watsop Hippolyte,
Mama Mouchili,
Cedric Kwayep Nyah,
Darlin Tsafack Fondjeu,
Evariste Taboumda,
Fernand Tendonkeng
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
48-54
Received:
13 July 2022
Accepted:
5 August 2022
Published:
17 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220603.11
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Abstract: For a better use of the Adansonia digitata (baobab) seeds as source of protein in feeding guinea pig, experimental trials were done at the research unit for animal production and nutrition of the University of Dschang. Baobab seeds that were harvested in the North region in Cameroon were submitted to three processing methods: firstly, we had untreated baobab seeds; secondly, baobab soaked in cold water for 24 hours; and thirdly, toasted baobab seeds. Seeds belonging to these three treatments were analysed in order to determine the chemical composition before being incorporated into the following rations: control ration without baobab (R0), ration including untreated baobab seeds (R1), ration comprising toasted baobab seeds (R2), and a ration containing baobab soaked for 24h (R3). 48 British breeds’ guinea pigs having an average weight of 350 ± 50 g, were used for the evaluation of the ingestion and the digestibility of each ration. During the digestibility trial which lasted for 17 days (10 days for adaptation and 7 for data collection), each ration was repeated on 12 guinea pigs. The main results showed that the total grades of tannin and phenol have been considerably reduced (p < 0.05) in baobab seeds soaked for 24 hours (0.05% DM; 0.5 mg/100gDM) and in toasted (0.03% DM; 0.3 mg/100g DM). Whatever the sex, the daily ingestion, compound feed (CF), dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) increase with the incorporation of the baobab seeds powder into the experimental rations of guinea pigs. Likewise, the digestion of nutriments registered has been significantly higher (80.01; 82.14; 83.16; 64.63% respectively for DM, OM, CP and CF) with a ration containing the powder of baobab seeds toasted at a threshold of 5%. Sex did not influence the ingestion and the digestive utilization of nutrients of the various rations at the threshold of 5%. This study shows that the toasted baobab seeds can be used as an alternative protein source in the feeding of guinea pigs.
Abstract: For a better use of the Adansonia digitata (baobab) seeds as source of protein in feeding guinea pig, experimental trials were done at the research unit for animal production and nutrition of the University of Dschang. Baobab seeds that were harvested in the North region in Cameroon were submitted to three processing methods: firstly, we had untrea...
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Impact of Zero Grazing Practices on Livestock Production Among Smallholder Farmers in Rwanda: A Case Study of Burera and Gicumbi Districts
Ntabakirabose Gaspard,
Mbabazi Mbabazize,
Mpatswenumugabo Jean Pierre,
Izamuhaye Jean Claude,
David Mwehia Mburu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
55-63
Received:
31 December 2021
Accepted:
18 January 2022
Published:
27 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220603.12
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Abstract: Livestock plays a crucial role in household and national economies of Rwanda and contributes to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The aim of this study was to assess the impact of zero grazing on livestock production among smallholder farmers in Rwanda. A case study of Burera and Gicumbi districts. A Cross-sectional data from rural households and communities were collected using survey methods. Twenty (20) farmers were selected from each of the eight sectors making one hundred sixth (160) do livestock zero grazing farmers system. The findings of the study indicated that main and first feeds used by farmers in zero grazing in study area is nippier grasses (Pennisetum spp) with 100%. The result of the regression analysis in (table 3) showed that eight variables out of thirteen were positively influenced production of zero grazed livestock in study area. Gender, farming experience, land size, source of feeds, and yield were statistically significant at (P ≤ 0.01) level. The findings in table 4 showed that, the four sectors namely income generation, quick accumulation of manure, infrastructure facilities, and animal high yield produce have statistically and significantly affected by zero grazing system at (P ≤ 0.01). The findings of this study showed that the most common constraints for zero grazing system is small and fragmented land holdings, lack/poor animal housing with (100%). The shortage of water/quantity/quality of fodder was the second constraints in study area with (90.3%). The findings also showed that there was no good and separate houses for the livestock in study area while most of the livestock raised without housing. The number of veterinaries and extension service should be increased as well as to control the problem of poor quality and low quantity of livestock products, disease, and death of animal raised. Proper animal housing and proper animal feeding both in quality and in quantity should be increased in order to improve animal health and increase livestock production.
Abstract: Livestock plays a crucial role in household and national economies of Rwanda and contributes to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The aim of this study was to assess the impact of zero grazing on livestock production among smallholder farmers in Rwanda. A case study of Burera and Gicumbi districts. A Cross-sectional data from rural househo...
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Nutrients Digestibility and Cost Analysis of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Brewer’s Dried Grains with Enzyme and Yeast
Akintunde Afolabi Rotimi,
Daniel Bala,
Oguntoye Mutiu Ayogbe,
Akintunde Monisola Olukemi,
Akinsola Oludayo Michael,
Adeoye Samson Olubode Babalola,
Isaac Samuel,
Istifanus Emmanuel Filian,
Ardo Bashir Aisha
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
64-70
Received:
24 February 2022
Accepted:
31 March 2022
Published:
29 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220603.13
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Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trial was carried out using a total of one hundred and forty seven day old broiler chicks to assess nutrients digestibility and cost analysis of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of brewer’s dried grains supplemented enzyme and yeast. Seven experimental diets (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7) were formulated using brewers dried grains at three different dietary inclusion levels of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Diet 1 was the basal diet (control) designated as T1, Diets 2, 3 and 4 consisted of 5, 10 and 15% BDG as replacement for maize supplemented with 200mg/100kg enzyme designated as T2, T3 and T4 while diets 5, 6, 7 consisted 5, 10 and 15% BDG as replacement for maize supplemented with 200mg/100kg yeast designated as T5, T6 and T7 respectively. The diets were formulated for starter phase (1-4 weeks) and finisher phase (5-8 weeks) respectively. Results of nutrients digestibility revealed the percentage dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, ash and nitrogen free extract were significantly (P < 0.05) affected across all the dietary treatments. Cost benefit analysis revealed the cost of feed consumed, cost of production, total revenue and cost benefit were significantly (P < 0.05) affected across the dietary treatments. Cost benefit was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in values of ₦ 87.04 and ₦ 981.47 (T4 and T7) with 15% BDG supplemented with enzyme and yeast at both starter and finisher phases respectively. From the results obtained in this study, 15% BDG supplemented with phytase enzyme and yeast can be included to replace maize in broiler diets for higher profit margin without negatively affecting performance.
Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trial was carried out using a total of one hundred and forty seven day old broiler chicks to assess nutrients digestibility and cost analysis of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of brewer’s dried grains supplemented enzyme and yeast. Seven experimental diets (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7) were formulated usin...
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Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Brewer’s Dried Grains with Enzyme and Yeast Supplementation
Akintunde Afolabi Rotimi,
Daniel Bala,
Oguntoye Mutiu Ayogbe,
Akinsola Oludayo Michael,
Adeoye Samson Olubode Babalola,
Isaac Samuel,
Ardo Bashir Aisha,
Istifanus Emmanuel Filian
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
71-77
Received:
24 February 2022
Accepted:
31 March 2022
Published:
29 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20220603.14
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Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trial was carried out using a total of one hundred and forty seven day old broiler chicks to assess the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of brewer’s dried grains supplemented with enzyme and yeast. Seven experimental diets (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7) were formulated using brewers dried grain at three different dietary inclusion levels of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Diet 1 was the basal diet (control) designated as T1, Diets 2, 3 and 4 consisted of 5, 10 and 15% BDG as replacement for maize supplemented with 200mg/100kg enzyme designated as T2, T3 and T4 while diets 5, 6, 7 consisted 5, 10 and 15% BDG as replacement for maize supplemented with 200mg/100kg yeast designated as T5, T6 and T7 respectively. The diets were formulated for starter phase (1-4 weeks) and finisher phase (5-8 weeks) respectively. At the starter phase, the results revealed the final weight, total weight gain, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly influenced by BDG based diets supplemented with phytase enzyme and yeast. Birds on diet T4 (15%) had significantly (P < 0.05) higher final weight, total weight and daily weight gain (724.60, 567.38 and 27.02g) respectively with enzyme supplementation compared to birds on diets containing 5% BDG supplemented with 200mg yeast. However, feed intake differed non-significantly (P > 0.05) across all the treatment groups. Birds fed diet T1 recorded the least feed conversion ratio (2.36) and was significantly (P < 0.05) better compared to those of other treatments. At finisher phase, birds on diet T5 (5%) supplemented with yeast recorded higher values (1613.89, 861.34 and 30.76g) for final weight, total weight and daily weight gain and these were comparable to other dietary treatments except diet T7. However, no significant (P > 0.05) difference was observed in the feed intake of birds across the treatments. Birds fed diets T1 and T5 had the least feed conversion ratio (4.36, 4.35) respectively and these were significantly (P < 0.05) better compared to those of other treatments. There was significant (P < 0.05) effect of dietary treatments observed on mortality (%). The percent live weight, plucked weight, eviscerated weight, dressed weight, neck weight, shank, head weight, liver weight and kidney weight were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by dietary treatments. It was therefore concluded that inclusion of BDG supplemented with enzyme or yeast as replacement for maize in broiler diets improved performance and carcass characteristics.
Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trial was carried out using a total of one hundred and forty seven day old broiler chicks to assess the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing graded levels of brewer’s dried grains supplemented with enzyme and yeast. Seven experimental diets (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7) were f...
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